دفتر پنجم

IN THE NAME OF GOD THE MERCIFUL, THE COMPASSIONATE

بخش 1–سر آغاز

Commenting on “Take four birds and turn them towards thee.”

بخش 2–تفسیر خذ اربعة من الطیر فصرهن الیک

Concerning the occasion of the coming of the Tradition of Mustafá (Mohammed), the blessings of God be upon him, that the infidel takes his food in seven bowels, while the true believer takes his food in one bowel.

بخش 3–در سبب ورود این حدیث مصطفی صلوات الله علیه که الکافر یأکل فی سبعة امعاء و المؤمن یأکل فی معا واحد

How Mustafá (Mohammed) opened the door of the room for his guest and concealed himself in order that he (the guest) might not see the form of the person who opened it and be overcome with shame, but might go forth boldly.

بخش 4–در حجره گشادن مصطفی علیه‌السلام بر مهمان و خود را پنهان کردن تا او خیال گشاینده را نبیند و خجل شود و گستاخ بیرون رود

The cause of the guest's return to the house of Mustafá, on whom be peace, at the hour when Mustafá was washing his befouled bed-rug with his own hand; and how he was overcome with shame and rent his garment and made lamentation for himself and for his plight.

بخش 5–سبب رجوع کردن آن مهمان به خانهٔ مصطفی علیه‌السلام در آن ساعت که مصطفی نهالین ملوث او را به دست خود می‌شست و خجل شدن او و جامه چاک کردن و نوحهٔ او بر خود و بر سعادت خود

How Mustafá, on whom be peace, treated the Arab guest with loving kindness and calmed his distress and stilled the sobbing and lamentation for himself which he was making in his shame and penitence and fire of despair.

بخش 6–نواختن مصطفی علیه‌السلام آن عرب مهمان را و تسکین دادن او را از اضطراب و گریه و نوحه کی بر خود می‌کرد در خجالت و ندامت و آتش نومیدی

Explaining that (ritual) prayer and fasting and all (such) external things are witnesses to the inner light.

بخش 7–بیان آنک نماز و روزه و همه چیزهای برونی گواهیهاست بر نور اندرونی

How the water cleanses all impurities and then is cleansed of impurity by God most High. Verily, God most High is exceeding holy.

بخش 8–پاک کردن آب همه پلیدیها را و باز پاک کردن خدای تعالی آب را از پلیدی لاجرم قدوس آمد حق تعالی

How the water, after becoming turbid, entreats God Almighty to succour it.

بخش 9–استعانت آب از حق جل جلاله بعد از تیره شدن

The testimony of external acts and words to the hidden mind and the inner light.

بخش 10–گواهی فعل و قول بیرونی بر ضمیر و نور اندرونی

Explaining that the light itself from within the illumined person bears witness to his light, without any act or word declaring it.

بخش 11–در بیان آنک نور خود از اندرون شخص منوّر بی‌آنک فعلی و قولی بیان کند گواهی دهد بر نور وی؛ در بیان آنک آن‌ نور خود را از اندرون سرّ عارف ظاهر کند بر خلقان بی‌فعل عارف و بی‌قول عارف افزون از آنک به قول و فعل او ظاهر شود، چنانک آفتاب بلند شود بانگ خروس و اعلام مؤذن و علامات دیگر حاجت نیاید

How Mustafá, on whom be peace, offered the Testimony (profession of the Faith) to his guest.

بخش 12–عرضه کردن مصطفی علیه‌السلام شهادت را بر مهمان خویش

Explaining that the Light which is the food of the spirit becomes the food of the saint's body, so that it (his body) also becomes friendly with the spirit (according to the saying of the Prophet), “My satan hath accepted Islam at my hands.”

بخش 13–بیان آنک نور که غذای جانست غذای جسم اولیا می‌شود تا او هم یار می‌شود روح را کی اسلم شیطانی علی یدی

How the corporealists ignore the food of the spirit and tremble with anxiety for the vile food.

بخش 14–انکار اهل تن غذای روح را و لرزیدن ایشان بر غذای خسیس

بخش 15–مناجات

بخش 16–تمثیل لوح محفوظ و ادراک عقل هر کسی از آن لوح آنک امر و قسمت و مقدور هر روزهٔ ویست هم چون ادراک جبرئیل علیه‌السلام هر روزی از لوح اعظم عقل مثال جبرئیلست و نظر او به تفکر به سوی غیبی که معهود اوست در تفکر و اندیشهٔ کیفیت معاش و بیرون شو کارهای هر روزینه مانند نظر جبرئیلست در لوح و فهم کردن او از لوح

Comparison of the different practices and the various aspirations (of mankind) to the disagreement of those who at prayer-time endeavour to find the qibla (direction of Mecca) when it is dark, and to the search of divers (for pearls) at the bottom of the sea.

بخش 17–تمثیل روشهای مختلف و همتهای گوناگون به اختلاف تحری متحریان در وقت نماز قبله را در وقت تاریکی و تحری غواصان در قعر بحر

[Explanation of “Alas for the servants (of God)!”]

بخش 18–تفسیر یا حسرة علی العباد

The reason why the name farají was first given to the garment known by that name.

بخش 19–سبب آنک فرجی را نام فرجی نهادند از اول

Description of the Peacock and its nature, and the cause of its being killed by Abraham, on whom be peace.

بخش 20–صفت طاوس و طبع او و سبب کشتن ابراهیم علیه‌السلام او را

Explaining that every one knows the mercy of God, and every one knows the wrath of God; and all are fleeing from the wrath of God and clinging to the mercy of God; but the Most High God has concealed wraths in mercy and mercies in wrath. This is God's mystification and disguise and contrivance to the end that the discerning who see by the Light of God may be separated from those who see (only) the present and the visible; for (He created death and life) that He might try you, which of you is most righteous in his works.

بخش 21–در بیان آنک لطف حق را همه کس داند و قهر حق را همه کس داند و همه از قهر حق گریزانند و به لطف حق در آویزان اما حق تعالی قهرها را در لطف پنهان کرد و لطفها را در قهر پنهان کرد نعل بازگونه و تلبیس و مکر الله بود تا اهل تمیز و ینظر به نور الله از حالی‌بینان و ظاهربینان جدا شوند کی لِیَبْلُوَکُمْ أَیُّکُمْ أَحْسَنُ عَمَلاً

The diversity of intelligences in their nature as originally created; (a doctrine) opposed to (that of) the Mu‘tazilites, who assert that particular (individual) intelligences are originally equal, and that this superiority and diversity is the result of learning and training and experience.

بخش 22–تفاوت عقول در اصل فطرت خلاف معتزله کی ایشان گویند در اصل عقول جزوی برابرند این افزونی و تفاوت از تعلم است و ریاضت و تجربه

Story of the Arab of the desert whose dog was dying of hunger, while his wallet was full of bread; he was lamenting over the dog and reciting poetry and sobbing and beating his head and face; and yet he grudged the dog a morsel from his wallet.

بخش 23–حکایت آن اعرابی کی سگ او از گرسنگی می‌مرد و انبان او پر نان و بر سگ نوحه می‌کرد و شعر می‌گفت و می‌گریست و سر و رو می‌زد و دریغش می‌آمد لقمه‌ای از انبان به سگ دادن

Explaining that no evil eye is so deadly to a man as the eye of self-approval, unless his eye shall have been transformed by the Light of God, so that “he hears through Me and sees through Me,” and (unless) his self shall have become selfless.

بخش 24–در بیان آنک هیچ چشم بدی آدمی را چنان مهلک نیست کی چشم پسند خویشتن مگر کی چشم او مبدل شده باشد به نور حق که بی یسمع و بی یبصر و خویشتن او بی‌خویشتن شده

Commentary on “And verily those who disbelieve wellnigh cause thee to slip by their (malignant) eyes.”

بخش 25–تفسیر وَ إِنْ یَکادُ الَّذینَ کَفَروا لَیُزْلِقونَکَ بِأَبْصارِهِمْ الایه

Story of the Sage who saw a peacock tearing out his handsome feathers with his beak and dropping them (on the ground) and making himself bald and ugly. In astonishment he asked, “Hast thou no feeling of regret?” “I have,” said the peacock, “but life is dearer to me than feathers, and these (feathers) are the enemy of my life.”

بخش 26–قصهٔ آن حکیم کی دید طاوسی را کی پر زیبای خود را می‌کند به منقار و می‌انداخت و تن خود را کل و زشت می‌کرد از تعجب پرسید کی دریغت نمی‌آید گفت می‌آید اما پیش من جان از پر عزیزتر است و این پر عدوی جان منست

Explaining that the purity and simplicity of the tranquil soul are disturbed by thoughts, just as (when) you write or depict anything on the surface of a mirror, though you may (afterwards) obliterate it entirely, (yet) a mark and blemish will remain (on the mirror).

بخش 27–در بیان آنک صفا و سادگی نفس مطمنه از فکرتها مشوش شود چنانک بر روی آینه چیزی نویسی یا نقش کنی اگر چه پاک کنی داغی بماند و نقصانی

In explanation of the saying of the Prophet, on whom be peace, “There is no monkery in Islam.”

بخش 28–در بیان قول رسول علیه‌السلام لا رهبانیة فی‌الاسلام

Explaining that God (Himself) is the reward bestowed by Him for the (devotional) work of the lover.

بخش 29–در بیان آنک ثواب عمل عاشق از حق هم حق است

Commentary on the saying of the Prophet, on whom be peace, “None ever died without wishing, if he was a righteous man, that he had died before he (actually) died, in order that he might sooner attain unto felicity; and if he was a wicked man, in order that his wickedness might be less.”

بخش 30–در تفسیر قول رسول علیه‌السلام ما مات من مات الا و تمنی ان یموت قبل ما مات ان کان برا لیکون الی وصول البر اعجل و ان کان فاجرا لیقل فجوره

Explaining that the intellect and spirit are imprisoned in clay, like Hárút and Márút in the pit of Babylon.

بخش 31–در بیان آنک عقل و روح در آب و گل محبوس‌اند هم‌چون هاروت و ماروت در چاه بابل

The answer of the peacock to his interrogator.

بخش 32–جواب گفتن طاوس آن سایل را

Explaining that accomplishments and intellectual abilities and worldly wealth are enemies to (spiritual) life, like the peacock's feathers.

بخش 33–بیان آنک هنرها و زیرکی‌ها و مال دنیا هم‌چون پرهای طاوس عدو جانست

Description of the selfless ones who have become safe from their own vices and virtues; for they are naughted in the everlastingness of God, like stars which are naughted (vanish) in the Sun during the daytime; and he who is naughted hath no fear of bane and (is free from) danger.

بخش 34–در صفت آن بی‌خودان کی از شر خود و هنر خود آمن شده‌اند کی فانی‌اند در بقای حق هم‌چون ستارگان کی فانی‌اند روز در آفتاب و فانی را خوف آفت و خطر نباشد

Explaining that everything except God is devouring and devoured, like the bird that was in pursuit of a locust and occupied in chasing it and oblivious of the hungry hawk behind its own back, that was about to seize it. Now, O hunting and devouring man, be not secure against thine own hunter and devourer. Though with the sight of the (physical) eye thou seest him not, (yet) see him with the eye of serious consideration till the opening of the eye of the inmost heart (oculus cordis).

بخش 35–در بیان آنک ما سوی الله هر چیزی آکل و ماکولست هم‌چون آن مرغی کی قصد صید ملخ می‌کرد و به صید ملخ مشغول می‌بود و غافل بود از باز گرسنه کی از پس قفای او قصد صید او داشت اکنون ای آدمی صیاد آکل از صیاد و آکل خود آمن مباش اگر چه نمی‌بینیش به نظر چشم به نظر دلیل و عبرتش می‌بین تا چشم نیز باز شدن

The reason why Khalíl (Abraham), on whom be peace, killed the crow, indicating (thereby) the subjugation of certain blameworthy and pernicious qualities in the disciple.

بخش 36–صفت کشتن خلیل علیه‌السلام زاغ را کی آن اشارت به قمع کدام صفت بود از صفات مذمومهٔ مهلکه در مرید

Prayer.

بخش 37–مناجات

The Prophet, on whom be peace, said, “Pity three (classes of men): the mighty man of a people who is abased, and the rich man of a people who is impoverished, and a learned man whom the ignorant make sport of.”

بخش 38–قال النبی علیه‌السلام ارحموا ثلاثا عزیز قوم ذل و غنی قوم افتقر و عالما یلعب به الجهال

Story of the young gazelle being confined in the donkey-stable, and how the donkey assailed the stranger, now with hostility and now with mockery, and how it was afflicted by (having to eat) dry straw which is not its (proper) food. And this is a description of the chosen servant of God amongst worldlings and those addicted to passion and sensuality; for “Islam (was) strange (when it first) appeared, and will become strange again, and blessed are the strangers.” The Messenger of Allah spake the truth.

بخش 39–قصهٔ محبوس شدن آن آهوبچه در آخر خران و طعنهٔ آن خران ببر آن غریب گاه به جنگ و گاه به تسخر و مبتلی گشتن او به کاه خشک کی غذای او نیست و این صفت بندهٔ خاص خداست میان اهل دنیا و اهل هوا و شهوت کی الاسلام بدا غریبا و سیعود غریبا فطوبی للغرباء صدق رسول الله

Story of Muhammad Khwárizmsháh who took by war (force) the city of Sabzawár, where all (the inhabitants) are Ráfizís (extreme Shí‘ites). (When) they begged him to spare their lives, he said, “I will grant (you) security as soon as ye produce from this city a man named Abú Bakr and present him to me.”

بخش 40–حکایت محمد خوارزمشاه کی شهر سبزوار کی همه رافضی باشند به جنگ بگرفت اما جان خواستند گفت آنگه امان دهم کی ازین شهر پیش من به هدیه ابوبکر نامی بیارید

The remainder of the Story of the gazelle in the donkey-stable.

بخش 41–بقیهٔ قصهٔ آهو و آخر خران

Commentary on “Verily I saw seven fat kine which seven lean kine devoured.” God had created those lean kine with the qualities of hungry lions, to the end that they might devour the seven fat ones with avidity. Although (only) the forms of those kine were shown as phantoms in the mirror of dream, do thou regard the reality!

بخش 42–تفسیر انی اری سبع بقرات سمان یاکلهن سبع عجاف آن گاوان لاغر را خدا به صفت شیران گرسنه آفریده بود تا آن هفت گاو فربه را به اشتها می‌خوردند اگر چه آن خیالات صور گاوان در آینهٔ خواب نمودند تو معنی بگیر

Explaining that the killing of the cock by Abraham, on whom be peace, signifies the subdual and subjugation of certain blameworthy and pernicious qualities in the heart of the disciple.

بخش 43–بیان آنک کشتن خلیل علیه‌السلام خروس را اشارت به قمع و قهر کدام صفت بود از صفات مذمومات مهلکان در باطن مرید

Commentary on “We created Man in the best (physical and mental) proportion, then We reduced him to the lowest of the low”; and on “And to whomsoever We grant long life, We cause him to relapse in constitution.”

بخش 44–تفسیر خلقنا الانسان فی احسن تقویم ثم رددناه اسفل سافلین و تفسیر و من نعمره ننکسه فی الخلق

Commentary on “The lowest of the low, except those who have believed and wrought good works; for they shall have a reward that is not cut off.”

بخش 45–تفسیر أَسْفَلَ سافِلینَ إِلَّا الَّذینَ آمَنوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّالِحاتِ فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَیْرُ مَمْنونٍ

Parable of the world (really) existent that appears non-existent and the world (really) non-existent that appears existent.

بخش 46–مثال عالم هست نیست‌نما و عالم نیست هست‌نما

Commentary on the saying of Mustafá (Mohammed), on whom be peace, “Thou must needs have a familiar who is buried with thee, he being alive, and with whom thou art buried when thou art dead; if he be generous, he will treat thee generously, and if he be base, he will forsake thee. That familiar is thy works, so make them right as far as thou art able.” The Messenger of Allah spake the truth.

بخش 47–در تفسیر قول مصطفی علیه‌السلام لا بد من قرین یدفن معک و هو حی و تدفن معه و انت میت ان کان کریما اکرمک و ان کان لیما اسلمک و ذلک القرین عملک فاصلحه ما استطعت صدق رسول‌الله

Commentary on “And He is with you.”

بخش 48–تفسیر وَ هُوَ مَعَکُمْ

Commentary on the saying of Mustafá (Mohammed), on whom be peace, “Whosoever shall make his cares one care, God will relieve him of all his cares; and whosoever is distracted by his cares, God will not care in what valley He destroys him.”

بخش 49–در تفسیر قول مصطفی علیه‌السلام من جعل الهموم هما واحدا کفاه الله سائر همومه و من تفرقت به الهموم لا یبالی الله فی ای واد اهلکه

On the meaning of this verse: “If thou fare on the Way, the Way will be revealed to thee; and if thou become nonexistent, (real) existence will be conferred on thee.”

بخش 50–در معنی این بیت «گر راه روی راه برت بگشایند ور نیست شوی بهستیت بگرایند»